2022 #1 (60)

2022 #1 (60) The Theme: "Spatial turn" and its reflection in Russian science	download issue
From the editor of the heading	download russian text
Blyakher L. E. Spatial turn in sociology: new tools and new problems.	download russian text
The article analyzes the formation and transformation of one of the basic categories of the science of society "social space". The main traditions of understanding this category are considered. Assumptions are made about the reasons for the partial "retreat" into the shadows of this category in the middle of the century, up to the 70s of the twentieth century, as well as the rise of interest in social space, which in the work was designated by the term "spatial turn". A hypothesis is put forward about the connection between conflict and dynamism in social space and interest in it, as well as the reason why this process is most pronounced in Russia.
Demyanenko А. N. Postmodern, spatial turn and native socioeconomic geography	download russian text
This article was made an attempt to explain the connection between postmodernity and "spatial turn" in social sciences and human geography exactly. The reaction specify of socio-economic geography to "postmodernity call" is identified.
Leont'eva Eh. O. "Space" and "Spaces": Reflection on Space as a (In)Dispensable Elementof Theorizing in the Social Sciences	download russian text
The article refers to a critical reflection on the wording "spatial turn", which became the subject of a round table in the journal "Ojkumena" in the spring of 2021. Attention is drawn to the different ontological status of the category "space" in works on sociology. In the context of this feature, all studies are divided into 3 conditional groups: universalistic, particularistic and metaphorical. It is shown that with all the attention to the issues of "place" (distance, location, movement), only a few works refer to "space" as a category of the limiting level, working in a universal explanatory range. Also, a few authors, referring to the subjects of mobility, migration, tourism, stratification, etc., argue the correlation of an empirical subject with a certain part of space. And the vast majority appeal to the concept of space as intuitively clear, without implying the need for reflection. This shows that the category "space", while attracting the attention of researchers, simultaneously falls out of reflection. Thus, reflection on space is of no interest to sociologists, which does not confirm the hypothesis of a "spatial turn" in relation to this science.
Kireev A. A. Russian political science in the context of the "spatial turn"	download russian text
Based on a historical and comparative analysis of the processes of scientific conceptualization of "space", the article examines the dynamics of the involvement of Russian political science in the methodological movement known as the "spatial turn". The origin and worldview foundations of the modern (second) spatial turn, its internal structure is highlighted. Three areas of spatial studies in Russian political science are identified, their methodological specificity is revealed, and promising tasks for further studying the space of Russia are outlined.
Ukrainskii V. N., Chimitdorzhiev Zh. Zh. Henri Lefebvre and the Polymorphism of Social Space	download russian text
The possibilities and problems associated with the use of certain constructs for the analysis of society, which make it possible to structure social space, are considered in the footsteps of "The production of space" – the famous work of Henri Lefebvre. The question of the implementation of the ideas of Lefebvre and his followers is preceded by an analysis of the discursive-intellectual context in which mentioned work can be placed.
Historical Regional Studies
Melnikov P. Yu. A complex peasant family in the Saratov province at the end of the XIX century	download russian text
The article analyzes the main characteristics of a complex, multigenerational peasant family. The families were classified according to the Cambridge system of Peter Laslett. Primary census forms of the zemstvo agricultural census of 1880 - the first half of the 1890s were used as a source material. The main quantitative parameters of a complex family, its varieties, as well as its weight among other family structures have been identified. Using the example of the Saratov province, we can conclude that in a typical agrarian region at the end of the 19th century the complex family dominated, comprising a little less than half of the rural population.
Chi Yuchao Pioneers of Legal Education in the Russian Far East (1919–1922): based on materials from the State Archives of Primorsky Krai	download russian text
The article is devoted to the first professors and teachers of the State Far Eastern University (GDU/FENU/FEFU) in Vladivostok and at the Faculty of Law in Harbin. They founded a unique school of jurisprudence with economic and regional characteristics, with knowledge of oriental languages, geography and politics of the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. After the end of the Civil War in 1922, they emigrated. The appendix publishes "Regulations on tests for the title of a real student and academic degrees of the State University of Education". The article was written using materials (emigre periodicals) from foreign archives and the library of the Russian collection of the University of Hawaii.
Zigan'shin R. M. Political and Economic Contradictions between Kazan and Moscow during the "Parade of Sovereignties"	download russian text
The article examines the contradictions, up to the confrontation, between Kazan and Moscow during the so-called period of the "parade of sovereignty" – one of the most tragic and ambiguous periods of our history. It turned out to be a kind of indicator, a barometer, a mirror, a kind of border, a dividing line, a kind of result of previous relationships, as well as a kind of foundation for future relationships, already in the New Russia.
Economy and Nature
Sazykin A. M., Shirokova A. V. Development of international tourism in Primorsky Krai: Chinese direction	download russian text
In pre-revolutionary Russia and in the first years of Soviet power, Primorye had close contacts with China, including through tourism. Complicated political relations with the neighbor led to the almost complete cessation of tourist contacts until 1992. The political liberalization of Russian society and the opening of Vladivostok to foreign tourists determined the revival of international tourism in Primorye. International tourism in Primorsky Krai has gone from semi-spontaneous development to legal registration and state support. It is characterized by the predominance of outbound tourism over inbound tourism and still insufficient development of tourism infrastructure in qualitative and quantitative terms. Its intensive development in the last decade has already resulted in reduction of the disproportion of inbound and outbound tourist flows and makes it possible to look optimistically at this issue in the near future.
Political Relations and Management of the Region
Grivanov R. I., Krasova E. V., Vrublevsky V. V. Regional policy of international investment projects development in Primorsky Territory: conditions, prospects, tools	download russian text
The article considers features of regional policy implemented by Primorsky Government in terms of international investment projects development. It has been concluded that the regulatory and institutional conditions for investment activities have been significantly improved for some recent years. Administrative tools to support investors and entrepreneurs are being developed. However, the project potential in the region is far from being fully realized. Public-private partnership is considered as a main mechanism aimed at increasing investment attractiveness and reducing risks for foreign investors.
World System and International Regionsn
Gubin A. V. Trans-border cooperation within Russia-China strategic partnership	download russian text
Besides all the declarations on the conjugation of Russia-led Eurasian European Union integration with the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative the practical side isn’t flawless so far. Joint development of the Russian Far Eastern regions and Chinese North-East provinces faced bureaucratic and infrastructure issues. Recently Russia demonstrated measures of support for national and foreign companies on the Far East aimed to assist the comprehensive development of the lagged territory and enhance its contribution into national strategic economic, defense and foreign policy plans. However China’s share in regional projects is still quite low despite the regime of the strategic partnership. There are also no manifested intentions of engaging the Russian Far East in Belt and Road Initiative which would give a feasible impetus to the region. Analyzing the impediments for developing trade, economic and investment cooperation on the Far East would be helpful for local authorities, central governmental agencies as well as for business in shaping their further joint efforts.
Sabitova F. F. Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of Russian and Chinese scientific diplomacy on the development of the Arctic	download russian text
This article is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of scientific diplomacy in the development of relations between China and Russia in the Arctic. Based on the collection of information about research expeditions, international Arctic meetings and the opening of the international Arctic exchange, the interaction of the Chinese and Russian sides in contributing to research, as well as the results of bilateral cooperation for the benefit of sustainable development of the Arctic region, is compared. An attempt was made to analyze the definition of the type of scientific diplomacy of individual international Arctic organizations and scientific institutions.
Reviews
Batishchev S. D. Review of the monograph by M.I. Rodnov "Ufa nobles-landowners at the sunset of the Empire. 1900–1917"	download russian text
A short review and analysis of the monograph of the Ufa historian M.I. Rodnov "Ufa nobles-landowners at the sunset of the Empire. 1900-1917. " Specifies the features of the author's source style. The conclusion is made about the factographic saturation in the disclosure of the set topic.
Zolotukhin I. N. China’s Geopolitical Interests in Eurasia. New Games on the Space of the Great Chessboard	download russian text
The article reviews the book of Daniel S. Markey «China’s Western Horyzon. Beijin and the New Geopolitics of Eurasia». The author introduces the reader to the analysis, speculations and forecasts concerning China's geopolitical plans in the western part of the Eurasian Rimland, which includes South Asia, Central Asia and the Middle East. The author draws attention to the China's relations with the states which are significant for its interests and are currently experiencing an unprecedented level of interaction with Beijing.
Scientific Life
Kuznetsov A. M. Theoretical seminars of the Department of International Relations of the Far Eastern Federal University	download russian text