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2024 #1 (68) The Theme: Adaptation of traditional pastoral cultures to the modern cultural environment	download issue
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Tinikova E. E. Ethnosocial Processes in the Republic of Khakassia: Dynamics and Development Trends (Based on Expert Survey Materials)s	download russian text
This paper presents main results of an expert survey devoted to the problems of the dynamics of ethnosocial processes in the Republic of Khakassia. Based on the information received, the author has identifed deep-rooted gen - eralized problems: a decrease in the number of representatives of the titular ethnic group, due, among other things, to an increase in the number of nationally mixed marriages, and, as a consequence, in some cases this leads to a gradual erosion of ethnic identity, linguistic and cultural assimilation Khakassians The results of the study can be used to better substantiate and more efectively implement regional social programs, information and educational work aimed at popularizing the Khakass language and culture.
Miyagasheva S. B. Urban shamanism in Buryatia: on the issue of modification of the ritual complexs	download russian text
The article is devoted to the study of the processes of modifcation of the Buryat shamanic ritual complex in the conditions of urban shamanism. It is determined that in Buryat shamanism, which has a rich semantics, symbolism and diverse practice, on the one hand, the restoration of traditional ritual mechanisms takes place, on the other hand, their modifcation. It is shown that the main changes occur within the framework of the "modernization" of rituals that perform previous functions, as well as through the emergence of "new" rituals and a new understanding of the symbol - ism of the religious practice of shamanism.
Umitkaliyev U. U., Yakovlev A. I., Tleugabulov D. T., Neobutova N. I. Spatial organization of the monument "Kyryk ungir" and the venues of modern traditional holidays ysyakh	download russian text
Kazakh and Yakut traditional culture exists in the bosom of the culture of life support for horse breeders and cattle breeders. Among the two peoples, despite the fact that the former belong to the Islamic civilization, and the latter to the Orthodox, one can fnd a huge number of parallels: starting with language, everyday life, food and ending with personal positions in relation to various manifestations of life in both every day and sacred matters. The article will raise questions about the cultural parallels of the pastoral cultures of modern Kazakhs and Yakuts, from the point of view of the identity of the territories.
Vasilyeva O. V. Processes of ethnic identity construction in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): zoomorphic symbols as a resource of group identification	download russian text
The article considers zoomorphic symbols that underlie modern processes of group self-identifcation in Yakutia. The theoretical approach of ethnosymbolism is used. The signifcance as symbols of zoomorphic images of totemic representations as well as animals of economic complexes of Yakutia is considered. It is shown that one image is chosen as ethnointegrating for the formation of community.
Interview
New world reality and trends in the development of Russian studies of international relations: interview with M.M. Lebedeva	download russian text
Historical Regional Studies
Vasilyeva T. A. Fortification and internal layout of the Ekaterinovskoe walled town – a monument of the Jurchen culture of the Eastern Xia state (1215–1233)	download russian text
Research of walled townes of Primorye in the 13th century provide an opportunity to approach issues re - lated to the construction, planning, and purpose of these cities. The article presents materials from excavations of the Ekaterinovskoe walled town, one of the monuments of this period. For the frst time, data related to the fortifcation and layout of this fortress is being introduced into scientifc circulation. This confrms the information that the cities of the Eastern Xia period were built according to certain rules, which were supposed to ensure the defense and protection of the city from enemies and allowed the urban population to live not only during war, but also during peace. The obtained materials give grounds to reveal the purpose of the Ekaterinovskoe walled towen as a fortifed city - mouke.
Ziehaus C. In the hands of foreign subjects: forms of non-Russian land tenure in the Amur region in 1861–1917. (Part 1)	download russian text
The article presents a historical analysis of foreign land ownership in the Far East of the Russian Empire, namely the Koreans of the village of Blessed, the Zazeya Manchus, as well as the Evenks and Orochons in the Amur region in the period from 1861 to 1917. Drawing on documents from local administrations, as well as ofcial legislative decrees, this work provides insight into the intersection of sovereignty and citizenship, and explores the processes of land allotment, bans on foreign land ownership and land surveying. The article shows how the Russian administration formed the institutions of land ownership and land use depending on the citizenship of land users. Koreans could legalize their use of land by accepting imperial citizenship. For the Manchus, the legalization of land presented an insoluble problem, because their land holdings were associated with maintaining the sovereignty of the Qing state. Due to the doctrine of terra nulius and the absence of institutions of foreign governance, the empire did not recognize land ownership of the indigenous Far Eastern population, although they themselves were considered as valid subjects of the empire.
Petrov A. S. The importance of firearms in the criminalization of Eastern Siberia at the beginning of the twentieth century	download russian text
An analysis of diverse historical sources showed that the population of Eastern Siberia at the beginning of the twentieth century was oversaturated with both legal and illegal, both civilian and military frearms. Weapons were often used by Siberian criminals when committing all kinds of serious crimes: murders, robberies, hooliganism, and bodily harm. Frequent thefts of frearms signifcantly increased their illegal trafcking, as well as the general availability of weapons to ordinary people and the frequency of their use for illegal purposes. Weapons were a signifcant factor infuencing the criminalization of Eastern Siberia at the beginning of the twentieth century.
Vlasov S. A. History of the city of Sovetskaya Gavan in the context of Soviet urbanization	download russian text
The article explores the history of the formation and development of a small Far Eastern city - Sovetskaya Gavan through the prism of urbanization processes that took place in the country during the pride of Soviet power. The previously existing building received city status thanks to industrialization, when industrial enterprises were created in the Far East, including ship repair plants, which appeared in Sovetskaya Gavan and gave impetus to the formation and development of the city. It was revealed that the most favorable period for Sovetskaya Gavan occurred in the 1960s - 1980s, when the population grew, housing construction was carried out, social, everyday and cultural infrastructure facilities were created that improved the lives of citizens, and their urban lifestyle was formed. It is noted that the "suc - cess" of the city’s development was largely conditional, since a number of problems in the everyday life of the residents of Sovetskaya Gavan were never resolved.
Zhurbey E. V., Bunina V. I., Pushkareva D. A. Problems of adaptation and integration of Brazilian immigrants to the United States in the second half of the XX – XXI centuries	download russian text
The article examines the multifaceted problems faced by Brazilian immigrants in the process of acculturation in the United States in the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. By exploring historical, social and economic dimensions, the study illuminates the complexities that shaped the Brazilian immigrant experi - ence. Factors such as cultural diferences, language barriers, and various socioeconomic factors infuence the delicate process of acculturation. By analyzing historical trends and contemporary issues, the study seeks to provide a compre - hensive understanding of the challenges faced by Brazilian immigrants and ofers insights into potential strategies to improve their integration into American society. This study contributes to the broader discourse on immigration, cultural diversity, and the complex dynamics of acculturation in a transnational context.
Social and Demographic Structures
Gontsovskaya E. V., Davydova A. S., Mikhalev K. P. Social activity of Russian youth (based on the materials of the Primorsky Territory)	download russian text
Today, the young generation plays a key role in the formation of society and its further development, actively participates in the formation and change of social norms, values and institutions. In this regard, the authors conducted a research aimed at studying the social activity of youth representatives of Primorye Territory through the prism of their subjective assessments and experiences. Field work was carried out in the spring of 2023. The implemented research consisted of a series of semi-formalized interviews, built on the principle of criterion selection and including questions related to the motives and values of a socially active person, as well as touching upon certain traits that infuence the personal choice of young people, and various barriers that hinder the implementation of social activity related to helping society, people from the most vulnerable social groups, etc.
Cultural and Ideological Factors of Regionalization
Latushko Yu. V., Pankina A. I. Archaeological objects in the ethnocultural landscapes of the Russian Far East	download russian text
The article examines an important element of the ethnocultural projections of the indigenous peoples of the Far East - the introjection of objects of archaeological heritage as part of the ethnocultural landscape of a particular territory. This process is closely related to the issue of how ethnic communities interpret the right to cultural heritage and implies the existence of a constructive dialogue between representatives of the authorities, the scientifc community, and the indigenous population. As a result of a survey of residents of ethnic settlement in fve Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation, it was possible to identify the peculiarities of perception of archaeological objects of cultural heritage and outline a range of problems requiring further solutions.
Samojlenko P. Yu. Master plans of cities of Primorye Territory as a resource for territory branding	download russian text
The article discusses the problems of image positioning of the Primorsky Territory as today the most in - tegrated subject of the Russian Federation in the Asia-Pacifc region. The declared and currently discussed topic of the formation of master plans for the largest cities in the region as an additional resource for the development of the territory, including from the point of view of the formation of its brand, is analyzed. The author has made an attempt to analyze the opportunities - true and imaginary - that arise within the framework of the adoption of master plans for the corresponding settlements. The article also provides a comparative analysis of the conceptual vision of the image development of the relevant territories in historical retrospect to understand how the solutions proposed within the current program documents for urban development are fundamentally new and can be the reason for a new vision of the development of both the cities themselves and the region as a whole.
Political Relat ions and Management of the Region
Ukhanov A. D. Homogeneous and pluralistic forms of socio-political integrity: problems and prospects in the digital age	download russian text
Socio-political integrity, which represents the qualitative state of the social system, can be thought of from the perspective of homogeneous and pluralistic approaches. In the frst case, the emphasis is on the basic unity of society (people), which underlies social and political institutions. The pluralistic approach, on the contrary, points to the fundamental heterogeneity and complexity of society, which is constructed through political and legal means into a holistic education. Both approaches are based on certain assumptions, ideas about the essence of society, forms of institutionalization and maintenance of integrity. In the article, each of these approaches is considered in the context of digital transformation, which has an impact on all spheres of society. The problems and prospects of approaches in the context of digitalization processes are comprehended.
Davyborets E. N., Shkotov A. V. The socio-cultural aspect of political corruption in Japan nowdays	download russian text
The article is devoted to the study of the socio-cultural aspect of political corruption in Japan at the present stage. Political corruption is presented as a stable socio-cultural phenomenon that has been established in Japan as a result of centuries-old social practices dating back to the VII century AD, when the frst anti-corruption laws were recorded. Recent works, which consider the persistence of political corruption mainly as a lack of anti-corruption re - forms, overlook the continuity of traditional views of Japanese society on public institutions, in which corruption remains the norm. In this article, the authors complement the bureaucratic approach with a socio-cultural cross-section of the problem.
Tsagaan Ganbold, Badaraev D. D. Current Problems of Border Security in Mongolia	download russian text
The article was prepared based on a study of factors infuencing the security of the state border of Mongolia. It is emphasized that ensuring border security and combating cross-border international criminal groups require joint work with neighboring countries and regions at the international level. The main concept of the article includes trans - national organized crime, which poses a threat to the security of the national border of Mongolia, its consequences, as well as a number of measures to ensure border security, forms of crimes on the border, and some proposals for their neutralization are considered.
World System and International Regions
Garbuzarova E. G. The geopolitical triangle "Russia-Iran-China" in the context of global transformations	download russian text
The importance of the article is due to the strategic dynamism in bilateral and multilateral cooperation be - tween Russia, Iran and China which gives serious reason to believe that a trilateral alliance can appear in the near future. These convictions are supported by an increased discourse at the level of politicians and experts. The article attempts to analyze and evaluate the prospects for the formation of the geometry of relations "Russia-Iran-China". The correlation of interests brings together three infuential powers defending the democratic principles of shaping the future world order. If the international situation continues to heat up and the level of aggressive policy of the countries of the collective West increases then the probability of the appearing of a geopolitical triangle "Russia-Iran-China" will only increase.